Study shows link between IOP and primary open-angle glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma
IOP was the only risk factor associated with both primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, while moderate to high myopia correlated slightly with both conditions, a study found.
Vascular systemic diseases and treatments correlated solely with primary open-angle glaucoma.
“The implications of these differences for the pathogenesis between the two common types of [open-angle glaucoma] should be explored further,” the study authors said.
Data were culled from the Thessaloniki Eye Study, a cross-sectional population-based analysis of chronic eye diseases in Thessaloniki, an urban center in Northern Greece. The study included 2,554 patients age 60 years and older.
Investigators set out to assess risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. Open-angle glaucoma patients were compared with a non-glaucomatous control group. Primary open-angle glaucoma subjects were compared with controls without pseudoexfoliation. Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma subjects were compared with controls with pseudoexfoliation for demographic, lifestyle, ophthalmic and systemic factors.
Multivariate analysis was limited to 2,078 patients who attended clinic visits and had at least one phakic eye.
Results showed that IOP (P < .001), pseudoexfoliation (P < .001), history of coronary artery bypass or vascular surgery (P = .017) and moderate to high myopia (P = .009) correlated most strongly with open-angle glaucoma.
Data from 1,840 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma showed that age (P = .048), IOP (P < .001), history of coronary bypass or vascular surgery (P = .01) and history of diabetes treated with insulin (P = .045) were strongly associated with primary open-angle glaucoma.
Among 238 patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, there was a correlation with elevated IOP (P < .001), the authors reported. There was a slight association with moderate to high myopia (P = .06).
